Implementation of Darwin’s model by the finite element method in order to model electrical machines at intermediate frequencies. Mise en oeuvre du modèle de Darwin par la méthode des éléments finis en vue de modéliser les machines électriques à des fréquences intermédiaires

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Taha, Houssein

Edité par HAL CCSD

In recent years, the modeling of the magnetic and electrical components has aroused much interest in the scientific research. A magnetodynamic model is sufficient to describe the behavior of the electrical machines at low frequencies, but with the appearance of the power electronics, the machines are subjected to high frequency voltages which require the modeling of the insulators due to an accelerated aging that will be exposed. This thesis is carried out within the framework of LAMEL (joint laboratory between L2EP and EDF R&D) in order to develop a software platform namely, code carmel. This code is able to model the electrical machines in 3-D in an industrial context. This is a magnetostatic or magnetodynamic problem. Hence, the electrical fields in the dielectrics are not taken into account. The thesis is focused on quantifying and calculating the electric field in the non-conductive domain. Therefore, we are invited to implement potential formulations adapted to simultaneously calculate the electric and magnetic fields, such as the Darwin model which is able to capture the coupled capacitive-inductive effects and neglecting the wave propagation. In addition, the electrostatics and electro-quasistatic models are among the known models which are able to model the capacitive effects. Different industrial applications have been presented in this manuscript in order to validate the simulation results obtained by the Darwin model with the measurement results. Further, a Darwin thin structure problem is solved by using the shell element method, applied to both node and edge elements, in order to model the circuit boards at high frequencies. These elements are derived from the degeneration of Whitney’s prismatic elements and they can be applied easily to a formulation to solve a thin shell. . Dans les dernières années, la modélisation des composants magnétiques et électriques suscite beaucoup d'intérêt dans la recherche scientifique. Un modèle magnétodynamique est suffisant pour décrire le comportement des machines électriques dans les basses fréquences, mais, avec l'apparition de l'électronique de puissance, les machines sont soumises à des tensions hautes fréquence, cela nécessite une modélisation des isolants en raison du vieillissement accéléré qui sera exposé. Cette thèse a été effectuée dans le cadre du LAMEL (laboratoire commun entre le L2EP et EDF R&D) avec pour but de développer une plateforme logicielle, code_Carmel. Ce code est capable de modéliser des machines électriques en 3-D dans un contexte industriel. Il s'agit de problème magnétostatique ou magnétodynamique. D'où, les champs électriques dans les diélectriques ne sont pas pris en compte. La thèse est focalisée à quantifier et calculer le champ électrique dans les milieux non conducteurs. Donc, nous sommes invités à mettre en œuvre des formulations en potentiels adaptées pour calculer simultanément les champs électriques et magnétiques, telle que le modèle de Darwin qui est capable à capturer les effets capacitifs-inductifs couplés et en négligeant la propagation d'ondes. En addition, l'électrostatique et l'électro-quasistatique sont parmi les modèles connus qui sont capables à modéliser les effets capacitifs. Différentes applications industrielles ont été présenté dans ce manuscrit afin de valider les résultats de simulation obtenue par le modèle de Darwin avec les résultats de mesures. En outre, un problème de structure mince de Darwin est résolu en utilisant la méthode des éléments coques, appliquée à la fois aux éléments de nœuds et d'arêtes, afin de modéliser des circuits imprimés à des fréquences élevées. Ces éléments sont dérivés de la dégénérescence des éléments prismatiques de Whitney et elles peuvent être appliqués facilement à une formulation pour résoudre une coque mince.

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