The business model of integration social enterprises. A case study of the French WISEs. Le business model des entreprises sociales inclusives Cas des « secteurs » protégé, adapté et de l'insertion par l'activité économique en France

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Tantely Ranjatoelina, Jeremy | Dewitte, Adam | Bourkha, Bilal

Edité par HAL CCSD

The limitations of Yunus’ work on social business models are a starting point of our research. After setting out his approach as unusable to analyze all social organizations, we empirically study the different forms of integration social enterprises (WISEs) in France. We then try to identify what are the distinguish features of the business model of the integration social enterprises? Our research shows that specific wasted human resources mobilization, through the organization of five integration’s capabilities and three explicit social-intended value propositions shape the business model of WISEs. Based on the results, we suggest the concept of inclusive business model. We also contribute to a better understanding of the business model of social organizations. Finally this research highlights the central importance of strategic intent in business model formulation and invites scholars to conduct future studies on this topic. . Cette recherche-intervention s’inscrit théoriquement dans le prolongement des travaux de M. Yunus sur le business model des entreprises sociales. Elle revient sur les limites du social business, puis identifie et étudie empiriquement les formes d’entreprises sociales inclusives en France. Notre intervention au sein de structures d’insertion par l’activité économique (SIAE), d’entreprises adaptées (EA) et d’établissements et services d’aide par le travail (ESAT) du Nord-Pas-de-Calais nous amène à traiter dans cet article, la question de recherche suivante : Quelles sont les caractéristiques du business model des entreprises sociales inclusives ? Nos résultats caractérisent le business model des entreprises sociales inclusives par : la mobilisation volontaire de ressources humaines délaissées par les entreprises ; l’organisation délibérée de cette inclusion par des processus et des compétences spécifiques ; et la formulation de propositions de valeur économiques à intention(s) sociale(s) explicite(s). En discussion, dans un premier temps nous proposons le concept de business model inclusif, et revenons sur le business model des entreprises sociales. Enfin dans un second temps, cette recherche suggère la centralité de l’intention stratégique dans la configuration du business model, et l’intérêt d’approfondir l’investigation de ce lien.

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