Integrating plant-plant competition for nitrogen in a 3d individual-based model simulating the effects of cropping systems on weed dynamics

Archive ouverte : Communication dans un congrès

Moreau, Delphine | Pointurier, Olivia | Perthame, Laurène | Beaudoin, Nicolas | Villerd, Jean | Colbach, Nathalie

Edité par HAL CCSD

International audience. Promoting biological weed regulation by shifting resourceavailability and use from weed to crop may providean option for a more sustainable weed management.Light is generally the main resource for whichcrops and weeds compete in conventional croppingsystems. But, with the necessity to reduce mineral nitrogenfertilizer use, better managing crop-weed competitionfor nitrogen may become crucial. However, itrequires better understanding the functioning of heterogeneouscanopies in nitrogen-deficient situations. Simulationmodels are powerful tools to reach this goal.Our objective was to integrate plant-plant competitionfor nitrogen into the FlorSys model, already simulatingcompetition for light. The final aim was to provide thefirst mechanistic and 3D individual-based model simulatingthe effects of cropping system and pedoclimateon weed dynamics, integrating competition for nitrogen.The new formalisms were mostly inspired from pre-existingmodels and adapted to make them compatiblewith the individual-based representation of FlorSys.Soil-nitrogen concentration is predicted by the STICSsoil submodel linked to FlorSys. Plant nitrogen uptakewas simulated by confronting plant nitrogen demand(driven by shoot growth) to plant nitrogen supply (dependingon root characteristics, soil-nitrogen availabilityand the presence of neighboring plants with roots inthe same soil zone). Competition for nitrogen occurredwhen the amount of nitrogen available in a soil voxel(i.e. 3D soil pixel) was lower than the requirements ofall the plants with roots in this voxel. A nitrogen stressindex allowed to account for the impact of plant nitrogennutrition on plant photosynthesis, biomass allocationand morphology. To reflect the plant adaptation tothe spatial heterogeneity in soil-nitrogen availability,we introduced ‘compensation’. For a given plant, if nitrogenuptake in one soil voxel is insufficient to fulfilplant nitrogen requirements in this voxel, this local nitrogen-deficiency could be compensated by increasingnitrogen uptake in other nitrogen-richer voxels. Thenew formalisms needed only seven plant parameterswhich we measured for several crop and weed species.Simulations showed that, despite simplifying hypothesesin formalisms, predictions were consistentwith knowledge on canopy functioning and crop-weedinteractions.The nitrogen version of FlorSys will be useful to understandthe role of nitrogen in crop-weed interactionsand to identify sustainable management strategiespromoting weed regulation by competition (see Perthameet al., this congress). Due to its process-basedrepresentation and genericity (it can simulate diversecrop species), it will also be useful to better understandcrop-crop interactions in intercropping.

Consulter en ligne

Suggestions

Du même auteur

Integrating plant-plant competition for nitrogen into a 3D individual-based model simulating the effects of cropping systems on weed dynamics | Moreau, Delphine

Integrating plant-plant competition for nitrogen into a 3D individual-based...

Archive ouverte: Article de revue

Moreau, Delphine | 2021-07

International audience. Promoting biological weed regulation via competition for resources requires better understanding the func- tioning of heterogeneous canopies in nitrogen-deficient situations. Mechanistic simu...

How to model crop-weed competition for soil resources: Connecting the STICS soil submodel to the FLORSYS weed dynamics model | Colbach, Nathalie

How to model crop-weed competition for soil resources: Connecting the STICS...

Archive ouverte: Communication dans un congrès

Colbach, Nathalie | 2020-01-06

International audience

La régulation des pratiques contraignantes de soin en santé mentale : perspectives pour une approche interdisciplinaire. | Aîdan, Géraldine

La régulation des pratiques contraignantes de soin en santé mentale : persp...

Archive ouverte: Type de document indéfini

Aîdan, Géraldine | 2015

International audience. Nous proposons dans cet article de préciser les contours d'un changement de paradigme dans la façon dont sont encadrées les pratiques en santé mentale, afin d'en dessiner les enjeux en terme ...

Du même sujet

Miscanthus x giganteus culture on soils highly contaminated by metals: Modelling leaf decomposition impact on metal mobility and bioavailability in the soil\textendashplant system | Al-Souki, Karim-Suhail

Miscanthus x giganteus culture on soils highly contaminated by metals: Mode...

Archive ouverte: Article de revue

Al-Souki, Karim-Suhail | 2020

ACL. Miscanthus x giganteus is suggested as a good candidate for phytostabilization of metal-polluted soils. Its late harvest in winter generates large amounts of leaf litter on the soil surface. However, little is ...

Exposure to multiple air pollutants and the incidence of coronary heart disease: A fine-scale geographic analysis | Occelli, Florent

Exposure to multiple air pollutants and the incidence of coronary heart dis...

Archive ouverte: Article de revue

Occelli, Florent | 2020

ACL. Geographical variations in cardiovascular disease rates have been linked to individual air pollutants. Investigating the relation between cardiovascular disease and exposure to a complex mixture of air pollutan...

Residential exposure to outdoor air pollution and adult lung function, with focus on small airway obstruction | Havet, Anaïs

Residential exposure to outdoor air pollution and adult lung function, with...

Archive ouverte: Article de revue

Havet, Anaïs | 2020

ACL. Although a growing body of evidence suggests that chronic exposure to outdoor air pollution is linked to a decline in lung function, data on flow at low lung volumes that may be more specific of small airway ob...

An Overview of litter decomposition in soils for a diversity of agronomic and pedoclimatic contexts | Jacqueton, Céline

An Overview of litter decomposition in soils for a diversity of agronomic a...

Archive ouverte: Poster de conférence

Jacqueton, Céline | 2021-08-23

International audience

Accumulation, speciation and localization of silver nanoparticles in the earthworm Eisenia fetida | Courtois, Pauline

Accumulation, speciation and localization of silver nanoparticles in the ea...

Archive ouverte: Article de revue

Courtois, Pauline | 2020-04-08

International audience. The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) in agriculture and many consumer products has led to a significant release of Ag in the environment. Although Ag toxicity in terrestrial organisms has ...

Exposition aux poussières sédimentées dans les environnements intérieurs | Glorennec, Philippe

Exposition aux poussières sédimentées dans les environnements intérieurs

Archive ouverte: Rapports

Glorennec, Philippe | 2019

OS. L’Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail endosse les conclusions et recommandations de l’expertise collective relative à la caractérisation de l’exposition de ...

Chargement des enrichissements...