Modelling of capacitive effects of single layer chokes and choice of magnetic core material for EMC filter design. Modélisation des effets capacitifs des bobines simple couche et choix du matériau magnétique du noyau pour le dimensionnement des filtres CEM

Archive ouverte : Thèse

Salomez, Florentin

Edité par HAL CCSD

This thesis is about the study of the magnetic components used in the electromagnetic interference filters of power electronics converters. It is well known that static converters are sources of conducted disturbances that must be reduced in order to comply with electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) standards. One of the solutions commonly used to reduce these disturbances is the installation of EMI filters between the converter and the power network. The first part of the manuscript is dedicated to the presentation of the context of the thesis, with the EMI problematic and the filtering solutions. In the second part, we present the modelling of the impedance of the common mode choke of the EMC filter, taking into account the high frequency behaviour, for its sizing. Thus, a model of the magnetic properties based on the Debye equation is proposed, to which a fractional order capacitance is added to model the material capacitance of Mn-Zn ferrites. In the third part, the equivalent parallel capacitance (EPC) is calculated from the elementary turn-core and inter-turns capacitances, determined by the two-dimensional Finite Element Method (FEM), taking into account the turn curvature. In the last part, the common mode choke impedance model is used to design a common mode filter. The results obtained show that the design using the proposed models allows the optimisation of the choke volume. Finally, the application of this method has made it possible to define indicators for the choice of magnetic material that minimises the choke volume. . Le sujet de thèse porte sur l'étude des composants magnétiques utilisés dans les filtres de perturbations électromagnétiques des convertisseurs d'électronique de puissance. Il est bien connu que les convertisseurs statiques sont des sources de perturbations conduites qu'il faut réduire afin de respecter les normes de compatibilité électromagnétique (CEM). Une des solutions couramment utilisée pour réduire ces perturbations est l'installation de filtres CEM entre le convertisseur et le réseau électrique. La première partie du manuscrit est dédiée à la présentation du contexte de la thèse, avec la problématique de la CEM et les solutions de filtrage. Dans la seconde partie, nous présentons la modélisation de l'impédance de la bobine de mode commun du filtre CEM, avec la prise en compte des comportements à haute fréquence, pour son dimensionnement. Ainsi, un modèle des propriétés magnétiques basé sur l'équation de Debye est proposé, auquel est ajouté pour les ferrites, de type Mn-Zn, un modèle de capacité matériau d'ordre fractionnaire. Dans la troisième partie, la capacité parallèle équivalente (CPE) est calculée à partir des capacités élémentaires, tore-spire et inter-spires, déterminées par la méthode des éléments finis en deux dimensions, en tenant compte de la courbure des spires. Dans la dernière partie, le modèle de l'impédance de la bobine de mode commun est utilisé pour le dimensionnement d'un filtre de mode commun. Les résultats obtenus montrent que la conception à l'aide des modèles proposés permet l'optimisation du volume de la bobine. Finalement, l'application de cette méthode a permis de définir des indicateurs permettant le choix du matériau magnétique qui minimise le volume de la bobine.

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