Photosynthesis and cell wall metabolism interactions in response to cold in maize. Interaction entre la photosynthèse et le métabolisme pariétal chez le maïs en réponse au froid

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Duran Garzon, Catalina

Edité par HAL CCSD

Chilling may affect maize during early seedling growth by altering physiological process including photosynthesis and cell wall properties, leading to a biomass reduction. In our study, we investigated the photosynthetic variations and cell wall modifications in maize in response to a long chilling exposure. For this purpose, maize lines contrasted for these traits were selected and characterized using physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic approaches. A lignin deficient maize natural mutant F2bm3 developed a strategy to enhance its tolerance to chilling by increasing chlorophylle a, violaxanthine, cell wall bound hydroxycinnamic acids (HCA). HCA could reinforce the cell wall structure but also function as photoprotector. Two other lines CT and CS were investigated. Under chilling exposure, CS displayed a strong reduction in growth compared to CT. Chilling tolerance in CT was associated with higher chlorophyll content and a greater carbon partitioning. Like the first pair, we observed non-significant changes in cell wall composition in both lines and there was no correlation between the cell wall sugars and the nucleotides sugars contents. A strong accumulation of ADP-Glc, GDP-Man and a high content of UDP-Glc observed in CS, could be putative signaling molecules of programmed cell death . Le froid altère les processus physiologiques tels que la photosynthèse et d'autres voies métaboliques telles que le métabolisme pariétal conduisant alors à une réduction de la biomasse. Des lignées pures de maïs présentant des caractères contrastés dans la structure de la paroi ou dans le processus photosynthétique ont été étudiées. Ces lignées ont été exposées à un froid modéré de manière prolongée et les variations d'efficacité photosynthétique et les modifications pariétales ont été caractérisées via des approches physiologiques, biochimiques et de transcriptomique. Le mutant naturel F2bm3 dont la teneur en lignines est réduite, augmente sa teneur en acides hydroxycinnamiques (HCA) associés aux parois, ainsi que celle en chlorophylle a et en violaxanthine en réponse au froid, indiquant une tolérance au froid accrue. Deux autres lignées sœurs ont été caractérisées. Les plantes CS présentent une croissance réduite en réponse au froid. Les plantes CT ont une meilleure activité photosynthétique et une meilleure redistribution des photoassimilats. Aucune corrélation entre la teneur en sucres pariétaux et en nucléotides sucres, issus des photoassimilats, n'apparait pour les CS et CT. En revanche l'accumulation de nucléotides oses tels que l’UDP-Glc, le GDP-Man et l’ADP-Glc observée chez CS, pourrait être un signal de la mort cellulaire programmée

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